The Democratic People's Republic of Korea shares borders with China, the Sea of Japan, the Yellow Sea and the demilitarised zone (separating it from the Republic of Korea). North Korea's capital, Pyongyang, was completely rebuilt after the Korean War as a city of wide avenues, neatly designed parks and enormous marble public buildings. The Palace of Culture, the Grand Theatre, the Juche Tower and the Ongrui Restaurant epitomise the Korean variant of Communist architecture. The Gates of Pyongyang and the Arch of Triumph (built in honour of Kim Il-Sung's 70th birthday) are particularly impressive. Many ancient buildings in Kaesong (six hours from the capital by train) bear witness to Korea's 500-year-old imperial history. The town is surrounded by beautiful pine-clad hills. Kumgangsan is the country's largest national park, consisting of a range of mountains (known as 'the Diamond Mountain') along the east coast of the country. A night at the opera provides a unique experience. There are also circuses and musical events of a high quality.

Far East.

GMT + 9.

122,762 sq km (47,399 sq miles).

22.5 million (UN estimate 2002).

183.6 per sq km.

Pyongyang. Population: 2.7 million (1993).

The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea shares borders in the north with China, in the east with the Sea of Japan, in the west with the Yellow Sea, and in the south with the demilitarised zone (separating it from the Republic of Korea). Most of the land consists of hills and low mountains and only a small area is cultivable. Intensive water and soil conservation programmes, including land reclamation from the sea, are given high priority. The eastern coast is rocky and steep with mountains rising from the water and this area contains most of the waterways.

Communist Republic. Head of State: President Kim Jong-il since 1994. Jong-il is officially known as Chairman of the National Defence Commission, with the deceased Kim Il-sung regarded as the 'Eternal President'. Head of Government: Prime Minister Pak Pong-ju since 2003.

Korean.

Buddhism, Christianity and Chundo Kyo are officially cited as the main religions.

110/220 volts AC, 60Hz.

Discretion and a low political profile are advised. Photography: It is strongly advised to ask permission before taking a photo. Photographs of Korean officials or guarded buildings should be avoided.