The country is opening up to tourism but, at present, it is mainly in the form of package tours. Independent travellers are relatively few in number. There are many beaches and lagoons with safe bathing, and there is good fishing. There is also good hiking but advice and extreme caution should be taken due to the large amount of leftover landmines in the country. Birdwatching is excellent.

799,380 sq km (308,641 sq miles).

20.9 million (CIA estimate 2007).

26 per sq km.

Maputo. Population: 1.2 million (UN estimate 2003).

Republic since 1990. Gained independence from Portugal in 1975. 

Portuguese is the official language. Many local African languages, such as Tsonga, Sena Nyanja, Makonde and Macua, are also spoken.

Christian (mainly Roman Catholic), Muslim and Hindu. Many also follow traditional beliefs.

GMT + 2.

Shaking hands is the customary form of greeting. The courtesies and modes of address customary in Portugal and other Latin countries are still observed. Casual wear is acceptable. Formal dress is seldom required.

Photography: Visitors should not take photographs of soldiers, airports, bridges or government/public buildings, since this is illegal. Only photos of beaches and other tourist sites may be taken.

220/240 volts AC, 50Hz.

Prime Minister Luisa Diogo since 2004.

President Armando Guebuza since 2005.