Ghana has a rich natural heritage. A narrow grassy plain stretches inland from the coast, widening in the east, while the south and west are covered by dense rainforests which are being developed into nature parks, such as the national park at Kakum, for ecologically-minded tourists.

Although Ghana’s national parks and game reserves are relatively small compared to other African countries, species of antelope, monkeys, lions and elephants can be seen here. Birds and butterflies are particularly numerous in Ghana’s forests. Ghana’s coastline is dotted with sandy palm-fringed beaches and lagoons where watersports can be practised.

There remain many traces of the country’s rich history. Ghana still boasts 42 European forts and castles including Elmina and Cape Coast Castles which are all recognised by UNESCO as World Heritage Monuments as well as sites of wars between the British and the indigenous population. Colourful traditional festivals full of pomp and pageantry with chiefs and queen mothers riding on lushly gilded palanquins can still be seen throughout the country while traditional open markets provide the sounds and sights of the African bazaar.

238,537 sq km (92,100 sq miles).

21.8 million (UN estimate 2005).

91.39 per sq km.

Accra. Population: 2.2 million (World Bank estimate 2002).

Republic. Gained independence from the UK in 1957.

The official language is English. Local Ghanaian languages are widely spoken, including Akan, Moshi-Dagomba, Ewe and Ga.

Christian, Muslim and traditional beliefs. All forms of religion have a strong influence on Ghanaian life.

GMT.

Ghanaians should always be addressed by their formal titles unless they specifically request otherwise. Handshaking is the usual form of greeting. It is customary in much of West Africa not to use the left hand for touching food.

Photography: Permission should be sought before photographing military installations, government buildings or airports.

220 volts AC, 50Hz; usually three-pin plugs. Single phase three-pin plugs are used in larger buildings.

President John Agyekum Kufour.