Part of Czechoslovakia until the ’Velvet Divorce’ in January 1993, the Czech Republic has a rich cultural heritage represented by classical composers such as Dvořák and writers like Kafka. Tourism in the Czech Republic really dates from the 1989 ’Velvet Revolution’ when the communists were ousted and a democratic government was installed with Václav Havel as president.

Tourism has largely focused on Prague, with its great museums, galleries, concerts and other attractions. Many day trips are possible from Prague, including the great western spa town of Karlovy Vary and Mariánské Lázne, early settlements like Kutná Hora and castles like Karlštejn.

However, the rest of the country has much to offer the independent traveller with 11 UNESCO World Heritage Sites including Český Krumlov, Litomyšl Castle and the Pilgrimage Church of St John of Nepomuk at Zelená Hora. In addition the Czech Republic boasts an immense number of fascinating castles, churches and other architectural gems.

Among the most beautiful areas are the river valleys of the Vltava (Moldau) and Labe (Elbe), the hilly landscape and rocky mountains. The Šumava Mountains of south Bohemia offer excellent rambles and a range of sports, and well-preserved medieval towns like Český Krumlov. Bohemia is also a popular skiing and winter sports destination. In the northeast, the Bohemian Paradise (Český Ráj) is perfect for hiking and climbing amidst unusual scenery.

The eastern half of the country, the rich agricultural area of Moravia, offers a variety of wooded highlands, vineyards, folk art and castles. Here life moves at an even more relaxed pace; Brno provides an excellent base for exploring important historic towns like Olomouc, Kromeríz and Telc.

Although prices have risen over the past decade, the country still represents good value for money.

Jon Gillaspie

78,866 sq km (30,450 sq miles).

10.2 million (2006 estimate).

129.3 per sq km.

Prague. Population: 1.25 million.

Republic since 1993.

The official language is Czech. English and German are also spoken.

Mostly Roman Catholic and some Protestant, including churches such as the Reformed, Lutheran, Methodist, Unity of Czech Brothers and Baptist. There is a small community of Jews, mainly in Prague. According to the March 2001 national census, 60% of the population profess no religious beliefs. 

GMT + 1 (GMT + 2 from last Sunday in March to last Sunday in October).

Dress should be casual, but conservative, except at formal dinners and at quality hotels or restaurants.

Generally 220 volts AC, 50Hz. Most major hotels have standard international two-pin razor plugs.

Prime Minister Mirek Topolanek since 2006.

President Václav Klaus since 2003.